Overview
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) requires naturalization applicants to pass a civics test demonstrating knowledge of U.S. history and the principles and form of U.S. government, as part of the naturalization interview.
Who can apply
All naturalization applicants must take the civics test, alongside an English test of reading, writing and speaking ability (with some exceptions). Applicants aged 65 or older with 20 or more years as a permanent resident may take the test in the language of their choice, studying only a specially marked subset of questions.
Exam pattern
| Test version | Applies to | Question bank | Questions asked | Pass mark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 test | Applications filed before 20 October 2025 | 100 civics questions | Up to 10 asked | 6 correct |
| 2025 test | Applications filed on or after 20 October 2025 | 128 civics questions | 20 asked | 12 correct |
Syllabus
Civics questions cover U.S. history and the principles and structure of U.S. government. Study materials are available in several languages, including Haitian Creole and Arabic, for exam preparation even though the test itself is normally taken in English (except for applicants who qualify for the language exception).
Preparation tips
Confirm which test version applies to you based on your application filing date, since the question bank and pass mark differ between the 2008 and 2025 versions.
If you qualify for the 65/20 exception, focus study on the specially marked subset of questions rather than the full bank.
How many civics questions are asked during the US naturalization interview?
Up to 10 under the 2008 test (filed before 20 October 2025), or 20 under the 2025 test (filed on or after that date).
What pass mark does the USCIS civics test require?
6 correct answers under the 2008 test, or 12 correct answers under the 2025 test.
Is there an exception for older, long-term permanent residents?
Yes. Applicants 65 or older with 20+ years of permanent residency can take the test in their chosen language and study a specially marked subset of questions.