Overview
The theory test is the first step of the driving test in Estonia and is run by the Transport Administration (Transpordiamet). It is a test of knowledge, not part of the study process. The questions cover traffic rules, traffic safety, traffic psychology and the technical condition of a vehicle, among other areas.
Exam pattern
The test has 30 to 50 questions, depending on the category of vehicle you apply for. The Transport Administration publishes the total number of questions and the minimum correct answers per category in an Estonian-language document.
Every question has one correct answer, except ADR questions.
It is taken on a computer. If you cannot use one, you must send a written reasoned application to take it in writing or orally. The oral test is also run on a computer.
It can be taken in Estonian, Russian and English.
Time limits depend on the category and are listed in an Estonian-language document on the same page. If you apply for several categories at once, all the questions must be answered within the time limits given.
Unanswered questions at the end of the time count as wrong.
Phones and other electronic devices must be switched off, and you may not use aids or help from others, or take notes on the questions.
Marking and results
Tests with up to 30 questions (categories AM, BE, CE, C1E, DE and D1E): up to four mistakes in total, of which at most one may be in traffic safety questions.
Tests with more than 30 questions, including category B: up to five mistakes in total, of which at most one may be in traffic safety questions.
Two or more mistakes in traffic safety questions fail the test whatever the total.
Results are announced immediately after the test, and you see the answers only after the test ends.
A passed theory test is valid for 12 months from the test date.
After a fail, you can retake the test no earlier than two days after the failed test.
An appeal can be made in writing within 30 days of the result.
How to apply
Book a time through the Transport Administration's online service. Bring a valid physical ID document and arrive 10 to 15 minutes early, because late arrivals are not admitted. A booking can be moved free of a new state fee if you notify at least three working days before. Applicants under 18 need their legal representative's consent.
After the exam
Once the theory is passed, you sit the practical driving test within the validity period.
Preparation tips
The Transport Administration offers an example of the test screen on its theory test environment page, which shows how answers are marked. It has no separate learning environment. Study platforms and books are available from other providers, and the Traffic Act and Regulation No. 12 are key resources.
How long is a theory pass valid?
12 months from the date of the test.
How soon can I retake after failing?
No earlier than two days after the day of the failed test.