Rays from the sun converge at a point behind a convex lens. The distance at which an object be placed in front of the lens to get a virtual image, is:
Rays from the sun converge at a point behind a convex lens. The distance at which an object be placed in front of the lens to get a virtual image, is:
Options
(A)
Hint
Rays from the sun (an object at infinity) always converge at the principal focus of a convex lens — use that to fix f first.
Quick Oral Answer
Sun's rays are parallel (object at infinity), so where they converge behind a convex lens is its focal point — here f = 25 cm. A convex lens only gives a virtual image when the object is placed inside the focal length, so only 20 cm (less than 25 cm) works.
Analysis & Explanation
Rays coming from the sun are effectively parallel rays from an object at infinity. As per the chapter (Fig. 9.12a, Activity 9.11), 'several rays of light parallel to the principal axis... after refraction from the lens, are converging to a point on the principal axis. This point... is called the principal focus.' Since these rays converge behind the convex lens, that point is the principal focus , so the focal length is (positive by the New Cartesian Sign Convention, since it is a convex lens).
From Table 9.4 of the chapter, a convex lens forms a virtual, erect, magnified image only when the object lies between the optical centre and the focus , i.e. when the object distance is numerically less than the focal length (). For every other position (, or ) the image is real.
Checking the options against :
- (A) : since , the object lies between and a virtual image is formed. This is the required condition, so (A) is correct.
- (B) : lies beyond (), so a real, inverted image is formed — not virtual. Incorrect.
- (C) : this equals , i.e. the object is at ; the image forms at , same size, real and inverted (Table 9.4). Incorrect.
- (D) More than (beyond ): image forms between and , diminished, real and inverted. Incorrect.
Verification using the lens formula with , : , so — negative (same side as the object) confirms a virtual image, consistent with option (A).
Common Mistakes
- 1Assuming the 25 cm given is the object distance rather than realising it is the focal length (image of the sun, an object at infinity, always forms at F).
- 2Forgetting that a convex lens gives a virtual image only when the object is placed strictly closer to the lens than the focal length (u < f), and instead picking a distance greater than f.
Interesting Facts
This is exactly the situation in Activity 9.11 of the chapter, where a convex lens focuses sunlight onto paper and can even set it on fire — the burn spot marks the focal length.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How many marks does this question carry in CBSE Class 10 Science 2026?
This question carries 1 mark in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2026 examination.
Which chapter does this question come from in Science?
This question is from the chapter "Light — Reflection and Refraction" in the CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus.
What topic does this question cover in Science?
This question covers the topic "Refraction through lenses — image nature vs object position" from CBSE Class 10 Science.
What type of question is this in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2026 paper?
This is a MCQ question from Section C in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2026 paper.