(a) (i) Draw two isomeric structures of Butene $(C_4H_8)$. (ii) Name the following compounds (structural formulas of chloropropane isomers given). (iii) Write the chemical equations for the following reactions. Mention one essential condition each for these reactions to take place. (I) Ethanol undergoes complete oxidation (II) Propene undergoes hydrogenation (III) Ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol OR (b) (i) A carbon compound X is a good solvent. On reaction with sodium, X forms two products Y and Z. Z is used to convert vegetable oil into vegetable ghee. Identify and name X, Y and Z. Also write the equation of reaction of X with sodium to justify your answer. (ii) Write chemical equation to show what happens when ethanol : (I) burns in oxygen/air. (II) is heated at $443\ K$ in excess conc. $H_2SO_4$. (III) reacts with acidified potassium dichromate.

(a) (i) The two isomeric structures of Butene $(C_4H_8)$ are: egin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc (ii) The names of the given compounds are: egin{array}{cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc (iii) The chemical equations for the given reactions are: (I) $C_2H_5OH + 3O_2 ightarrow 2CO_2 + 3H_2O$ Essential condition: Complete oxidation takes place in the presence of a catalyst. (II) $CH_3CH = CH_2 + H_2 ightarrow CH_3CH_2CH_3$ Essential condition: Hydrogenation takes place in the presence of a catalyst. (III) $CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH ightarrow CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O$ Essential condition: The reaction takes place in the presence of a catalyst. OR (b) (i) The carbon compound X is ethanol $(C_2H_5OH)$. The reaction of ethanol with sodium produces two products Y and Z, which are sodium ethoxide $(C_2H_5ONa)$ and hydrogen gas $(H_2)$. The equation of reaction is: $2C_2H_5OH + 2Na ightarrow 2C_2H_5ONa + H_2$ (ii) The chemical equations for the given reactions are: (I) $C_2H_5OH + 3O_2 ightarrow 2CO_2 + 3H_2O$ (II) $C_2H_5OH ightarrow C_2H_4 + H_2O$ (III) $3C_2H_5OH + 2Cr_2O_7^{2-} + 16H^+ ightarrow 3C_2H_4O + 4Cr^{3+} + 11H_2O$