Q7
1 markMCQSection A

Consider the following statements about homologous series of carbon compounds :

(a) All succeeding members differ by CH2-\mathrm{CH}_2 unit.

(b) Melting point and boiling point increases with increasing molecular mass.

(c) The difference in molecular masses between two successive members is 16 u16\text{ u}.

(d) C2H2\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_2 and C3H4\mathrm{C}_3\mathrm{H}_4 are NOT the successive members of alkyne series.

The correct statements are -

Carbon and its Compounds
Homologous Series

Options

(A)(a) and (b)
(B)(b) and (c)
(C)(a) and (c)
(D)(c) and (d)
Official Answer

The correct option is A ((a) and (b)).

homologous seriesdiffer by CH2-\mathrm{CH}_2molecular massboiling point increasesdifference of 14 u14\text{ u}

Marking Scheme

  • 11 mark for identifying the correct option A with valid reasoning for statements (a) and (b).

Hint

Recall that successive members of a homologous series differ by a CH2-\mathrm{CH}_2 group. Calculate the molecular mass of a CH2-\mathrm{CH}_2 unit using the atomic masses of carbon (12 u12\text{ u}) and hydrogen (1 u1\text{ u}).

Quick Oral Answer

A homologous series is a family of organic compounds having the same functional group, similar chemical properties, and where successive members differ by a CH2-\mathrm{CH}_2 group and 14 u14\text{ u} in molecular mass.

Analysis & Explanation

Let us analyze each statement based on the properties of a homologous series:

  • Statement (a) is correct: Successive members of a homologous series differ by a CH2-\mathrm{CH}_2 unit.
  • Statement (b) is correct: As the molecular mass increases in any homologous series, the physical properties show a gradation. The melting and boiling points increase with increasing molecular mass due to stronger intermolecular forces of attraction.
  • Statement (c) is incorrect: The difference in molecular mass between two successive members (differing by a CH2-\mathrm{CH}_2 unit) is 14 u14\text{ u} (since Carbon =12 u= 12\text{ u} and Hydrogen =1 u×2=2 u= 1\text{ u} \times 2 = 2\text{ u}), not 16 u16\text{ u}.
  • Statement (d) is incorrect: C2H2\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_2 (ethyne) and C3H4\mathrm{C}_3\mathrm{H}_4 (propyne) differ by exactly one CH2-\mathrm{CH}_2 unit and belong to the same general formula CnH2n2\mathrm{C}_n\mathrm{H}_{2n-2} (alkynes). Thus, they are successive members of the alkyne series.

Therefore, only statements (a) and (b) are correct, which corresponds to option A.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Students often miscalculate the mass of CH2-\mathrm{CH}_2 as 16 u16\text{ u} by confusing it with oxygen or methane.
  2. 2Students sometimes fail to recognize that C2H2\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_2 and C3H4\mathrm{C}_3\mathrm{H}_4 are successive alkynes.

Interesting Facts

The word 'homologous' comes from the Greek words 'homos' (same) and 'logos' (relation), signifying the structural and chemical relationship between the members.

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Frequently Asked Questions

How many marks does this question carry in CBSE Class 10 Science 2024?

This question carries 1 mark in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2024 examination.

Which chapter does this question come from in Science?

This question is from the chapter "Carbon and its Compounds" in the CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus.

What topic does this question cover in Science?

This question covers the topic "Homologous Series" from CBSE Class 10 Science.

What type of question is this in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2024 paper?

This is a MCQ question from Section A in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2024 paper.