CBSE Class 12 Economics — National Income Accounting

(A) Meera and Shahid are two classmates, who were comparing India's economic growth over the years. Meera referred to the increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at current prices prevailing in market, while Sahid insisted on considering GDP after adjusting for inflation. Their debate on which of the two measures gives a true picture of people's well-being, remained inconclusive. Considering the above mentioned situation, elaborate with valid reason, which of the two variables is considered a better indicator of welfare and why ? OR (B) Two friends, Ravi and Harry were discussing whether the money received from sale of an old car should be included in India's National income. Ravi was of the view that it should be included in India's National income while Harry did not agree with him. They also had difference of opinion on the treatment of brokerage paid to the car dealer. As their Economics teacher, state the treatments with valid arguments.

(A) For a hypothetical economy, assuming there are only two firms (X and Y) with equal values of Gross Value Added (GVA). On the basis of the following data, estimate the value of Domestic Sales of both the firms (X and Y) : S. No. | Items | Amount (in ` crore) (i) Value of Output of firm Y | 700 (ii) Purchases by firm X from firm Y | 200 (iii) Exports by firm X | 100 (iv) Purchases by firm Y from firm X | 150 (v) Additions to Stock of firm X | 50 OR (B) Ms. Reeta D'Costa, retired from the post of Income Tax Commissioner in the year 2023. Apart from her pension, she also receives the following from various sources : - Rental income from a flat she owns. - Interest income from her fixed deposits. - Money sent by her children settled abroad. Identify and classify, her monthly incomes into `factor income' and `transfer income', with valid reasons.