(a) The students will be attending a lot of online academic sessions and workshops. These will involve audio-visual communication. Write the full name of the protocol which will be used for such a communication through the internet.

OR

(b) Where should a repeater be installed in Amritsar University campus to boost the signal between blocks ? Justify your answer.

Q: (a) The students will be attending a lot of online academic sessions and workshops. These will involve audio-visual communication. Write the full name of the protocol which will be used for such a communication through the internet. OR (b) Where should a repeater be installed in Amritsar University campus to boost the signal between blocks ? Justify your answer.

**(a) Protocol:** VoIP — **Voice over Internet Protocol**. It is the protocol/technology that carries voice and video communication over the internet, enabling the online academic sessions and workshops described. **OR** **(b) Repeater location:** A repeater should be installed **between the ADMIN and HOSTEL blocks**, since they are the farthest apart among all block pairs (160 M — the maximum distance given). A repeater regenerates/amplifies a weakening signal, so placing it on the longest cable run ensures the signal does not degrade before reaching its destination.

Computer Networks

Internet Communication Protocol / Repeater Placement

Official Answer

(a) Protocol: VoIP — Voice over Internet Protocol. It is the protocol/technology that carries voice and video communication over the internet, enabling the online academic sessions and workshops described.

(b) Repeater location: A repeater should be installed between the ADMIN and HOSTEL blocks, since they are the farthest apart among all block pairs (160 M — the maximum distance given). A repeater regenerates/amplifies a weakening signal, so placing it on the longest cable run ensures the signal does not degrade before reaching its destination.

VoIPVoice over Internet Protocolrepeatersignal regenerationADMIN-HOSTELmaximum distanceaudio-visual communication

Marking Scheme

11 mark: EITHER (a) correct full form 'Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)' OR (b) correct repeater location (between ADMIN and HOSTEL) with the distance-based justification.

Hint

(a) Recall the protocol name behind audio/video calling apps over the internet. (b) Compare all six given block-to-block distances and pick the longest one.

Quick Oral Answer

For audio-visual sessions, the protocol used is VoIP — Voice over Internet Protocol. Alternatively, a repeater should be placed between ADMIN and HOSTEL, the two blocks with the maximum distance (160 M), to regenerate the weakening signal.

Analysis & Explanation

This question offers a choice (OR) between an internet-protocol identification part and a network-device placement part.

Part (a) concept: VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is the standard full form expected; it converts audio (and, in extended use, video) into digital packets transmitted over the internet, exactly matching the described 'audio-visual' online sessions.

Part (b) concept: Signal strength attenuates with cable distance, so a repeater — a device that receives, amplifies and retransmits a signal — is placed at or before the point where the signal would otherwise weaken too much. Since ADMIN-HOSTEL (160 M) is the single longest distance among all block pairs in the given data, it is the most likely segment to need signal regeneration.

Exam trap: In part (a), students sometimes write only 'VoIP' without expanding the full form, which the question explicitly asks for; in part (b), students may pick a block pair at random instead of checking which distance is actually the maximum in the given table.

Common Mistakes

1Writing only the abbreviation 'VoIP' without giving its full expanded form as the question demands.
2Choosing a repeater location without comparing all given distances, missing that ADMIN-HOSTEL (160 M) is the maximum.
3Confusing a repeater with a router or switch, which perform routing/switching rather than signal regeneration.

Interesting Facts

VoIP was popularised commercially in the late 1990s and now underlies almost all modern video-conferencing platforms used for exactly the kind of online academic sessions described here.

A repeater operates at the Physical Layer of the OSI model and does not interpret data at all — it simply regenerates the incoming electrical/optical signal to counter attenuation over distance.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Why is VoIP the correct protocol rather than just 'internet protocol'?

The question specifically asks about audio-visual communication over the internet, and VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is the standard named protocol/technology used for real-time voice and video calls/conferencing, unlike the generic term 'Internet Protocol' (IP) which merely handles addressing and packet routing.

Why place the repeater specifically between ADMIN and HOSTEL and not another pair?

Signal strength drops the most over the longest cable run; among all given distances, ADMIN to HOSTEL at 160 M is the maximum, making it the segment most likely to need a repeater to regenerate the signal before it weakens too much.