Give reason for the following :

(a) During reproduction inheritance of different proteins will lead to altered body designs.

(b) Fertilization cannot take place in flowers if pollination does not occur.

(c) All multicellular organisms cannot give rise to new individuals through fragmentation or regeneration.

(d) Vegetative propagation is practised for growing only some type of plants.

(e) The parents and off-springs of organisms reproducing sexually have the same number of chromosomes.

(a) During reproduction, the basic event is the creation of a DNA copy. If the information in DNA is changed, different proteins will be made, which will eventually lead to altered body designs.

(b) Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma. If pollination does not occur, the pollen grains will not be able to reach the stigma, and fertilization will not take place.

(c) Multicellular organisms with relatively simple body organization can reproduce through fragmentation or regeneration. However, in complex multicellular organisms, the body is organized into tissues and organs, and cell-by-cell division would be impractical. Therefore, they cannot give rise to new individuals through fragmentation or regeneration.

(d) Vegetative propagation is practiced for growing plants that can produce new plants from their parts, such as roots, stems, and leaves. This method is used for plants that have lost the ability to produce seeds, such as banana, orange, and jasmine.

(e) In sexual reproduction, the germ cells from two individuals combine to form a new individual. The number of chromosomes in the germ cells is half the number of chromosomes in the non-reproductive body cells. When the germ cells combine, the number of chromosomes is re-established in the new generation.