Consider the following two statements: (i) The trait that expresses itself in $\mathrm{F}_1$ generation. (ii) The trait that keeps on passing from one generation to another. The appropriate terms for the statements (i) and (ii) respectively are:

Q: Consider the following two statements: (i) The trait that expresses itself in $\mathrm{F}_1$ generation. (ii) The trait that keeps on passing from one generation to another. The appropriate terms for the statements (i) and (ii) respectively are:

The correct option is **(c)**. - Statement (i) describes a **dominant trait**, which is the trait that expresses itself in the first generation ($\mathrm{F}_1$ progeny) when contrasting traits are crossed. - Statement (ii) describes an **inherited trait**, which is a characteristic that is passed down from one generation to the next through genetic material.

Heredity

Rules for the Inheritance of Traits – Mendel's Contributions

Options

(a)Recessive trait, Dominant trait

(b)Dominant trait, Recessive trait

(c)Dominant trait, Inherited trait

(d)Recessive trait, Inherited trait

Official Answer

The correct option is (c).

Statement (i) describes a dominant trait, which is the trait that expresses itself in the first generation ( $\mathrm{F}_1$ progeny) when contrasting traits are crossed.
Statement (ii) describes an inherited trait, which is a characteristic that is passed down from one generation to the next through genetic material.

Dominant traitInherited traitF1 generationpassed from one generation to another

Marking Scheme

11 mark for identifying the correct option (c) with correct terms.

Hint

Recall that the trait which is visible in the $\mathrm{F}_1$ generation is dominant, and any trait that is passed from parents to offspring is an inherited trait.

Quick Oral Answer

A dominant trait is one that expresses itself in the $\mathrm{F}_1$ generation even if only one copy is present, whereas an inherited trait is any characteristic passed from parents to offspring.

Analysis & Explanation

According to the NCERT text, in Mendel's experiments, only one of the parental traits was expressed in the $\mathrm{F}_1$ generation (e.g., all tall plants, no medium-height plants). This trait is called the dominant trait. On the other hand, traits that are passed from previous generations to the next are called inherited traits. Therefore, statement (i) corresponds to 'Dominant trait' and statement (ii) corresponds to 'Inherited trait', making option (c) the correct choice.

Option (a) is incorrect because statement (i) is dominant, not recessive.
Option (b) is incorrect because statement (ii) refers to any trait passed down (inherited), not specifically a recessive trait.
Option (d) is incorrect because statement (i) is dominant, not recessive.

Common Mistakes

1Students might confuse 'inherited trait' with 'recessive trait' or assume that only dominant traits are passed down, whereas both dominant and recessive traits are inherited.

Interesting Facts

Mendel used the term 'factors' for what we now call 'genes' to explain how traits are inherited across generations.

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Frequently Asked Questions

How many marks does this question carry in CBSE Class 10 Science 2023?

This question carries 1 mark in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2023 examination.

Which chapter does this question come from in Science?

This question is from the chapter "Heredity" in the CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus.

What topic does this question cover in Science?

This question covers the topic "Rules for the Inheritance of Traits – Mendel's Contributions" from CBSE Class 10 Science.

What type of question is this in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2023 paper?

This is a MCQ question from Section A in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2023 paper.