Write one specific function each of the following organs in relation with excretion in human beings :
(i) Renal Artery
(ii) Urethra
(iii) Glomerulus
(iv) Tubular part of nephron
Write one specific function each of the following organs in relation with excretion in human beings :
(i) Renal Artery
(ii) Urethra
(iii) Glomerulus
(iv) Tubular part of nephron
The specific functions of the given organs/parts in relation to excretion in human beings are:
(i) Renal Artery: It brings oxygenated blood containing nitrogenous waste products (such as urea and uric acid) from the body to the kidneys for filtration.
(ii) Urethra: It is the muscular tube through which urine stored in the urinary bladder is passed out/discharged from the body.
(iii) Glomerulus: It is a cluster of thin-walled capillaries that performs ultrafiltration, filtering water and small dissolved solutes (like glucose, amino acids, salts, and urea) out of the blood into the Bowman's capsule.
(iv) Tubular part of nephron: It is responsible for the selective reabsorption of useful substances (like glucose, amino acids, salts, and a major amount of water) back into the surrounding blood capillaries, leaving behind the concentrated waste as urine.
Marking Scheme
- 1{"points": 0.5, "description": "Correctly stating the function of the Renal Artery (brings nitrogenous waste-containing blood to the kidney)."}
- 2{"points": 0.5, "description": "Correctly stating the function of the Urethra (excretes/passes urine out of the body)."}
- 3{"points": 0.5, "description": "Correctly stating the function of the Glomerulus (filtration of blood/ultrafiltration)."}
- 4{"points": 0.5, "description": "Correctly stating the function of the Tubular part of nephron (selective reabsorption of water, glucose, amino acids, and salts)."}
Hint
Think about the pathway of blood filtration: entry of dirty blood, filtration, reabsorption of useful substances, and final exit of urine.
Quick Oral Answer
The renal artery brings waste-laden blood to the kidney, the glomerulus filters it, the tubular part reabsorbs useful nutrients and water, and the urethra expels the final urine from the body.
Analysis & Explanation
The human excretory system is designed to filter out nitrogenous wastes from the blood.
- The Renal Artery enters the kidney carrying unfiltered blood.
- Inside the nephron (the functional unit of the kidney), the Glomerulus acts as a high-pressure filter.
- As the filtrate flows through the Tubular part of the nephron, essential nutrients and water are selectively reabsorbed back into the body's circulation to maintain osmotic balance.
- The remaining waste (urine) is collected and eventually expelled from the body via the Urethra.
Common Mistakes
- 1Confusing the renal artery with the renal vein (the renal vein carries clean, filtered blood away from the kidney).
- 2Confusing the urethra with the ureter (ureters carry urine from kidneys to the bladder; the urethra carries it from the bladder to the outside).
Interesting Facts
Every day, our kidneys filter about 180 liters of filtrate, but only about 1 to 2 liters is excreted as urine because the tubular part of the nephron reabsorbs more than 99% of the water!
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Frequently Asked Questions
How many marks does this question carry in CBSE Class 10 Science 2023?
This question carries 2 marks in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2023 examination.
Which chapter does this question come from in Science?
This question is from the chapter "Life Processes" in the CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus.
What topic does this question cover in Science?
This question covers the topic "Excretion in Human Beings" from CBSE Class 10 Science.
What type of question is this in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2023 paper?
This is a Very Short Answer question from Section B in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2023 paper.