Consider the following electrical circuit diagram in which nine identical resistors of $3\Omega$ each are connected as shown. If the reading of the ammeter $A_1$ is 1 ampere, answer the following questions :

(a) What is the relationship between the readings of $A_1$ and $A_3$ ? Give reasons for your answer.

(b) What is the relationship between the readings of $A_2$ and $A_3$ ?

(c) Determine the reading of the voltmeter $V_1$.

OR

(c) Find the total resistance of the circuit.

Hint

The relationship between the readings of $A_1$ and $A_3$ can be determined by analyzing the circuit diagram. Since the resistors are identical, the voltage drop across each resistor is the same. Therefore, the current flowing through $A_1$ and $A_3$ is the same, which means their readings are equal.

Quick oral answer

The relationship between the readings of $A_1$ and $A_3$ is that they are equal. This is because the current flowing through the circuit is divided equally between the two branches, and since the resistors are identical, the voltage drop across each resistor is the same. Therefore, the current flowing through $A_1$ and $A_3$ is the same, which means their readings are equal.