(a) An electric iron consumes energy at a rate of 880 W when heating is at the maximum rate and 330 W when the heating is at the minimum. If the source voltage is 220 V, calculate the current and resistance in each case. (b) What is heating effect of electric current? (c) Find an expression for the amount of heat produced when a current passes through a resistor for some time.
(a) An electric iron consumes energy at a rate of 880 W when heating is at the maximum rate and 330 W when the heating is at the minimum. If the source voltage is 220 V, calculate the current and resistance in each case. (b) What is heating effect of electric current? (c) Find an expression for the amount of heat produced when a current passes through a resistor for some time.
(a) (i) Current in the first case = 880/220 = 4 A; Resistance in the first case = 220/4 = 55 Ω (ii) Current in the second case = 330/220 = 1.5 A; Resistance in the second case = 220/1.5 = 146.67 Ω (b) The heating effect of electric current is the phenomenon of rise in temperature of a conductor when electric current flows through it. (c) Let a current I be flowing through a resistor R. The work done in moving a charge Q through the resistor is given by, W = VQ = IRQ = I^2Rt = (V^2/R)t
Marking Scheme
- 14 marks
- 21 mark
- 31 mark
Hint
Use the formulas Power = Voltage x Current and Resistance = Voltage / Current to solve part (a). Explain the heating effect of electric current in part (b). Derive an expression for the amount of heat produced when a current passes through a resistor for some time in part (c).
Quick Oral Answer
The heating effect of electric current is the phenomenon of rise in temperature of a conductor when electric current flows through it. This effect is used in many applications such as electric heaters, electric ovens, and electric irons.
Analysis & Explanation
The problem requires the application of the concepts of electric current, resistance, and heating effect of electric current. In part (a), we need to calculate the current and resistance in two different cases. We can use the formulas Power = Voltage x Current and Resistance = Voltage / Current to solve this part. In part (b), we need to explain the heating effect of electric current, which is the phenomenon of rise in temperature of a conductor when electric current flows through it. In part (c), we need to derive an expression for the amount of heat produced when a current passes through a resistor for some time. We can use the formula W = VQ = IRQ = I^2Rt = (V^2/R)t to solve this part.
Common Mistakes
- 1Forgetting to convert power from watts to joules
- 2Not using the correct formula for resistance
Interesting Facts
The heating effect of electric current is used in many applications such as electric heaters, electric ovens, and electric irons.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How many marks does this question carry in CBSE Class 10 Science 2023?
This question carries 5 marks in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2023 examination.
Which chapter does this question come from in Science?
This question is from the chapter "Electricity" in the CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus.
What topic does this question cover in Science?
This question covers the topic "Electricity" from CBSE Class 10 Science.
What type of question is this in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2023 paper?
This is a Long Answer question from Section D in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2023 paper.