The values of current (I) flowing through a given resistor of resistance (R), for the corresponding values of potential difference (V) across the resistor are as given below: V (volts): 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0; I (amperes): 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0. Plot a graph between current (I) and potential difference (V) and determine the resistance (R) of the resistor.

To determine the resistance of the resistor, we plot the potential difference ($V$) on the y-axis and the current ($I$) on the x-axis. The resulting graph is a straight line passing through the origin, which verifies Ohm's law ($V \propto I$).

``diagram {"xrange": [-0.12, 1.12], "yrange": [-0.6, 5.6], "lines": [{"from": [0.0, 0.0], "to": [0.1, 0.5], "label": "Potential Difference V (V)"}, {"from": [0.1, 0.5], "to": [0.2, 1.0], "label": ""}, {"from": [0.2, 1.0], "to": [0.3, 1.5], "label": ""}, {"from": [0.3, 1.5], "to": [0.4, 2.0], "label": ""}, {"from": [0.4, 2.0], "to": [0.5, 2.5], "label": ""}, {"from": [0.5, 2.5], "to": [0.6, 3.0], "label": ""}, {"from": [0.6, 3.0], "to": [0.8, 4.0], "label": ""}, {"from": [0.8, 4.0], "to": [1.0, 5.0], "label": ""}]} ``

The resistance ($R$) is given by the slope of the $V-I$ graph:

$$R = \frac{\Delta V}{\Delta I} = \frac{V_2 - V_1}{I_2 - I_1}$$

Using any two points from the data, say $(I_1, V_1) = (0.2\ \text{A}, 1.0\ \text{V})$ and $(I_2, V_2) = (0.8\ \text{A}, 4.0\ \text{V})$:

$$R = \frac{4.0\ \text{V} - 1.0\ \text{V}}{0.8\ \text{A} - 0.2\ \text{A}} = \frac{3.0\ \text{V}}{0.6\ \text{A}} = 5\ \Omega$$

Thus, the resistance of the resistor is $5\ \Omega$.