Q9
3 marksShort AnswerSection A

Name the hormones secreted by the following endocrine glands and specify one function of each: (a) Thyroid (b) Pituitary (c) Pancreas

Control and Coordination
Hormones in Animals
Official Answer

The hormones secreted by the given endocrine glands and their functions are:


(a) Thyroid Gland

  • Hormone: Thyroxin (or Thyroxine)
  • Function: It regulates carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism in the body to provide the best balance for growth.

(b) Pituitary Gland

  • Hormone: Growth Hormone
  • Function: It regulates the growth and development of the body.

(c) Pancreas

  • Hormone: Insulin
  • Function: It helps in regulating blood sugar levels by promoting the absorption of glucose by cells, thereby preventing diabetes.
ThyroxinmetabolismGrowth Hormonegrowth and developmentInsulinblood sugar levels

Marking Scheme

  • 11.0 mark for Thyroid: naming Thyroxin (0.5) and its metabolic function (0.5)
  • 21.0 mark for Pituitary: naming Growth Hormone (0.5) and its growth regulation function (0.5)
  • 31.0 mark for Pancreas: naming Insulin (0.5) and its blood sugar regulation function (0.5)

Hint

Thyroid needs iodine to make its hormone. Pituitary is responsible for height and growth. Pancreas is crucial for maintaining blood sugar levels.

Quick Oral Answer

The thyroid gland secretes thyroxin, which regulates metabolism. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone, which controls body growth. The pancreas secretes insulin, which regulates blood sugar levels.

Analysis & Explanation

Endocrine glands secrete chemical messengers called hormones directly into the blood to coordinate various physiological processes:

  1. Thyroid Gland: Located in the neck region, it requires iodine to synthesize thyroxin. Thyroxin controls the basal metabolic rate of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
  2. Pituitary Gland: Often called the 'master gland', it is located at the base of the brain. It secretes growth hormone, which controls the overall growth and bone development of the body. Deficiency leads to dwarfism, while excess leads to gigantism.
  3. Pancreas: Located below the stomach, it acts as both an exocrine and endocrine gland. Its endocrine part secretes insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels. Insufficient secretion leads to diabetes mellitus.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Spelling 'thyroxin' or 'insulin' incorrectly.
  2. 2Confusing the function of insulin with glucagon or stating that insulin 'produces' sugar instead of regulating/lowering it.
  3. 3Forgetting to mention the specific hormone and only writing the function.

Interesting Facts

The pancreas is a dual-function gland (heterocrine gland) because it performs both exocrine (digestive enzymes) and endocrine (hormones like insulin) functions.

Iodized salt is recommended in our diet because iodine is essential for the thyroid gland to make thyroxin hormone, preventing goitre.

Spotted a mistake or something unclear?

Tell us — we fix reported answers fast.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many marks does this question carry in CBSE Class 10 Science 2018?

This question carries 3 marks in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2018 examination.

Which chapter does this question come from in Science?

This question is from the chapter "Control and Coordination" in the CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus.

What topic does this question cover in Science?

This question covers the topic "Hormones in Animals" from CBSE Class 10 Science.

What type of question is this in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2018 paper?

This is a Short Answer question from Section A in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2018 paper.