Write chemical equation of the reaction of ethanoic acid with the following: (a) Sodium; (b) Sodium hydroxide; (c) Ethanol. Write the name of one main product of each reaction.

The chemical equations for the reactions of ethanoic acid ($\text{CH}_3 ext{COOH}$) are as follows:

(a) Reaction with Sodium ($\text{Na}$):

Ethanoic acid reacts with active sodium metal to liberate hydrogen gas and form sodium ethanoate.

$$2 ext{CH}_3 ext{COOH} + 2 ext{Na} \rightarrow 2 ext{CH}_3 ext{COONa} + ext{H}_2\uparrow$$

• Main Product Name: Sodium ethanoate (or Sodium acetate)

(b) Reaction with Sodium hydroxide ($\text{NaOH}$):

Ethanoic acid reacts with a base like sodium hydroxide to undergo a neutralization reaction, forming salt and water.

$$ext{CH}_3 ext{COOH} + ext{NaOH} \rightarrow ext{CH}_3 ext{COONa} + ext{H}_2 ext{O}$$

• Main Product Name: Sodium ethanoate (or Sodium acetate)

(c) Reaction with Ethanol ($\text{CH}_3 ext{CH}_2 ext{OH}$):

In the presence of an acid catalyst, ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol to form a sweet-smelling ester.

$$ext{CH}_3 ext{COOH} + ext{CH}_3 ext{CH}_2 ext{OH} \xrightarrow{\text{Acid}} \text{CH}_3 ext{COOCH}_2 ext{CH}_3 + ext{H}_2 ext{O}$$

• Main Product Name: Ethyl ethanoate (or Ethyl acetate / Ester)