Question 143 marksShort AnswerSection A

Write chemical equations for what happens when (i) sodium metal is added to ethanoic acid. (ii) solid sodium carbonate is added to ethanoic acid. (iii) ethanoic acid reacts with a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide.

Chemical Reactions and Equations
Chemical Equations of Organic Compounds

Official answer

The chemical equations for the given reactions are:


(i) Sodium metal added to ethanoic acid:

2CH3COOH(aq)+2Na(s)→2CH3COONa(aq)+H2(g)2CH_3COOH(aq) + 2Na(s) \rightarrow 2CH_3COONa(aq) + H_2(g)


(ii) Solid sodium carbonate added to ethanoic acid:

2CH3COOH(aq)+Na2CO3(s)→2CH3COONa(aq)+H2O(l)+CO2(g)2CH_3COOH(aq) + Na_2CO_3(s) \rightarrow 2CH_3COONa(aq) + H_2O(l) + CO_2(g)


(iii) Ethanoic acid reacts with dilute sodium hydroxide:

CH3COOH(aq)+NaOH(aq)→CH3COONa(aq)+H2O(l)CH_3COOH(aq) + NaOH(aq) \rightarrow CH_3COONa(aq) + H_2O(l)

Answer keywords:CH3COOHCH3COONaH2CO2NeutralizationBalanced Equation

Marking scheme

  1. 1.Balanced equation for reaction with Sodium metal (1 mark)
  2. 2.Balanced equation for reaction with Sodium carbonate (1 mark)
  3. 3.Balanced equation for reaction with Sodium hydroxide (1 mark)

Hint

Recall that acids react with metals to release hydrogen, with carbonates to release CO2CO_2, and with bases to form water.

Quick oral answer

When ethanoic acid reacts with sodium metal, hydrogen gas is evolved. With sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide gas is evolved. With sodium hydroxide, a neutralization reaction occurs forming sodium ethanoate and water.

Common mistakes

  1. 1.Forgetting to balance the hydrogen atoms in the reaction with sodium metal.
  2. 2.Omitting the evolution of CO2CO_2 gas when reacting with carbonates.

Analysis and explanation

(i) Sodium is a highly reactive metal that displaces hydrogen from ethanoic acid to form sodium ethanoate and hydrogen gas. (ii) Carbonates react with acids to produce salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas (evolution of gas is a characteristic of chemical reactions). (iii) This is a neutralization reaction between an acid (ethanoic acid) and a base (sodium hydroxide) to form salt and water.

Interesting facts

Ethanoic acid is the main component of vinegar, and its reaction with sodium carbonate is often used in school 'volcano' experiments due to the rapid evolution of CO2CO_2.

Question details

Q14 of 41 questions

Board
CBSE
Class
Class 10
Subject
Science
Year
2011
Section
Section A
Marks
3
Type
Short Answer
Chapter
Chemical Reactions and Equations
Topic
Chemical Equations of Organic Compounds
Bloom's level
Application
Syllabus topic
Chemical Equations; Properties of Acids

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Frequently asked questions

How many marks does this question carry in CBSE Class 10 Science 2011?

This question carries 3 marks in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2011 examination.

Which chapter does this question come from in Science?

This question is from the chapter "Chemical Reactions and Equations" in the CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus.

What topic does this question cover in Science?

This question covers the topic "Chemical Equations of Organic Compounds" from CBSE Class 10 Science.

What type of question is this in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2011 paper?

This is a Short Answer question from Section A in the CBSE Class 10 Science 2011 paper.